Nominal SARAL Transfer Function

This paper gives a calculation of the range correction and cross section of the SARAL (Satellite with Argos and ALtiKa) Indian/French ocean radar satellite retroreflector array assuming the cube corners are coated and have a dihedral angle offset of about 1.5 arcseconds to account for velocity aberration. The cubes are assumed to all have the same orientation within the mounting. The derived range correction may be applied in precise orbit determination analyses that use Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data to SARAL

Nominal SARAL Transfer Function

This paper gives a calculation of the range correction and cross section of the SARAL (Satellite with Argos and ALtiKa) Indian/French ocean radar satellite retroreflector array assuming the cube corners are coated and have a dihedral angle offset of about 1.5 arcseconds to account for velocity aberration. The cubes are assumed to all have the same orientation within the mounting. The derived range correction may be applied in precise orbit determination analyses that use Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data to SARAL

Long-term variability of CO2 and O in the Mars upper atmosphere from MRO radio science data

We estimate the annual variability of CO2 and O partial density using approximately 6years of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) radio science data from August 2006 to January 2012, which cover three full Martian years (from the northern hemisphere summer of 28 to the northern hemisphere summer of 31). These two elements are the dominant species at the MRO periapsis altitude, constituting about 70-80% of the total density. We report the recovered annual cycle of CO2 and the annual and seasonal cycle of O in the upper atmosphere. Although no other observations are available at those altitudes, our results are in good agreement with the density measurements of the Mars Express Spectroscopy for Investigation of Characteristics of the Atmosphere of Mars, which uses stellar occultations between 60 and 130km to determine the CO2 variability, and with the Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model 2010 for the O annual and seasonal variabilities. Furthermore, the updated model provides more reasonable MRO drag coefficients (CD), which are estimated to absorb mismodeling in the atmospheric density prediction. The higher content of dust in the atmosphere due to dust storms increases the density, so the CDs should compensate for this effect. The correlation between the drag coefficient and the dust optical depth, measured by the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) instrument, increases from 0.4 to 0.8 with the a priori and adjusted models, respectively. The trend of CDs not only confirms a substantial improvement in the prediction of the atmospheric density with the updated model but also provides useful information for local dust storms, near MRO periapsis, that cannot be measured by the opacity level since THEMIS does not always sample the southern hemisphere evenly

Sustainability of hotel services in their sociocultural environment. Bahía de Caraquez, Ecuador 2017

[Resumen] El presente estudio sobre la sostenibilidad de los servicios hoteleros en su entorno sociocultural tiene como finalidad realizar un análisis del nivel ocupacional de la planta hotelera, partiendo de instrumentos de medición, que permitan medir el porcentaje de ocupación en estas empresas en temporada alta. A partir del método deductivo se obtuvo un estudio de la infraestructura hotelera a nivel de categorías donde las pensiones representaron el 23% de las empresas existentes y en cuanto a mayor capacidad hotelera con un 22% se establecieron los hostales residenciales. Se determinó que el porcentaje de ocupación hotelera en el hotel Buena Vista Place represento un 2.3% de habitaciones disponibles, observando un buen nivel de ocupación de planta. La encuesta aplicada para medir la variedad de las ofertas turísticas, seguridad en los servicios y satisfacción, arrojaron resultados favorables donde la fiabilidad del instrumento fue de 0.877 para un número de 11 elementos estratificados. Se concluye que los servicios que ofrecen las diferentes empresas hoteleras del cantón, a pesar del terremoto ocurrido el 16 de abril del 2016, no ha sido un atenuante a la asistencia y demanda de turistas a la zona objeto estudio[Abstract] This article "Sustainability of hotel services in its socio-cultural environment", aims to perform an analysis of the occupational level of the hotel, starting from measuring instruments, which allow to measure the percentage of occupation in these companies in high season. From the deductive method we obtained a study of hotel infrastructure at the level of categories where pensions accounted for 23% of existing companies and in terms of higher hotel capacity with 22% residential establishments. It was determined that the percentage of hotel occupancy at the Buena Vista Place hotel represented 2.3% of available rooms, observing a good level of plant occupancy. The survey applied to measure the variety of tourism offers, safety in services and satisfaction, yielded favorable results where the reliability of the instrument was 0.877 for a number of 11 stratified elements. It is concluded that the services offered by the different hotel companies in the canton, despite the earthquake that occurred on April 16, 2016, has not been an attenuating to the assistance and demand of tourists to the area under study

EL SERVICIO DE INTERNET Y SU IMPACTO SOSTENIBLE PARA EL DESARROLLO TURISTICO.CANTÓN SUCRE 2017

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de analizar el servicio de internet y su influencia en el turismo del Cantón Sucre con el propósito de medir los medios de accesos que tiene la población en estos servicios. Se realizó un análisis del entorno para evaluar comportamiento de la población en las ramas de actividad que se desempeñan, así como su estilo de vida. Se utilizó el método analítico con la finalidad de valorar mejor a nivel de sector tamaño poblacional a nivel de zona cuya información obtenida del programa la oporto el software REDATAM. La utilización de internet por área urbana es solo del 10% y en la zona rural del 2%, así mismo la representatividad de las personas que poseen computadoras y teléfonos celulares, en el área urbana el 21% de personas poseen computadoras, mientras que en área rural solo dispone el 5% de la población, en lo referente a teléfonos celulares, la mayor de la población urbana dispone de esta tecnología, represento el 73%, mientras que en la zona rural solo lo poseen el 57%. Se demostró que existe falencia de empresas que brinden un servicio de publicidad para ofertar de internet en el cantón que incide directamente en el desarrollo turístico

VLBI-SLR Combination Solution Using GEODYN

We would like to generate a multi-technique solution combining all of the geodetic techniques (VLBI, SLR, GPS, and DORIS) using the same software and using the same a priori models. Here we use GEODYN software and consider only the VLBI-SLR combination. Here we report initial results of our work on the combination. We first performed solutions with GEODYN using only VLBI data and found that VLBI EOP solution results produced with GEODYN agree with results using CALC/SOLVE at the 1-sigma level. We then combined the VLBI normal equations in GEODYN with weekly SLR normal equations for the period 2007-2008. Agreement of estimated Earth orientation parameters with IERS C04 were not significantly different for the VLBI-only, SLR-only, and VLBI+SLR solution

Introduction to the special section humans and industry 4.0

Since the start of industrialization, machine capabilities have increased in such a way that human control of processes has evolved from simple (with mechanization) to cognitive (with computerization), and even emotional (with semi/full automation). The processes have also evolved from simple to complicated, and now complex systems, in the emerging context of Industry 4.0. The objective of the special issue “Human and Industry 4.0” is to benefit from studies and results from current manufacturing projects to highlight clues and good practices to design intelligent manufacturing systems for Industry 4.0, then paying attention to human involvements in order to unsure what it looks like in practice and how to realize these systems, especially when it comes to maintenance and operations. This paper aims to summarize the scientific papers that contributed to the Special Issue “Human and Industry 4.0”.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

VGOS VLBI Intensives between MACGO12M and WETTZ13S for the rapid determination of UT1-UTC

In this work, we present a status update and results of the designated research and development VLBI Intensive program VGOS-INT-S, observed between MACGO12M and WETTZ13S for the rapid determination of the Earth's phase of rotation, expressed via UT1-UTC. The main novelty of these sessions is the use of a special observation strategy, rapidly alternating between high- and low-elevation scans, enabling an improved determination of delays caused by the neutral atmosphere. Since 2021, 25 Intensive sessions have been observed successfully. In early 2022, VGOS-INT-S was among the most accurate Intensive programs with an average formal error $\sigma_{UT1-UTC}$ of 3.1 $\mu$s and a bias w.r.t. IERS C04 of 1.1 $\mu$s. Later, the session performance decreased due to multiple technical difficulties.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

Towards the GEOSAT Follow-On Precise Orbit Determination Goals of High Accuracy and Near-Real-Time Processing

The US Navy's GEOSAT Follow-On spacecraft (GFO) primary mission objective is to map the oceans using a radar altimeter. Satellite laser ranging data, especially in combination with altimeter crossover data, offer the only means of determining high-quality precise orbits. Two tuned gravity models, PGS7727 and PGS7777b, were created at NASA GSFC for GFO that reduce the predicted radial orbit through degree 70 to 13.7 and 10.0 mm. A macromodel was developed to model the nonconservative forces and the SLR spacecraft measurement offset was adjusted to remove a mean bias. Using these improved models, satellite-ranging data, altimeter crossover data, and Doppler data are used to compute both daily medium precision orbits with a latency of less than 24 hours. Final precise orbits are also computed using these tracking data and exported with a latency of three to four weeks to NOAA for use on the GFO Geophysical Data Records (GDR s). The estimated orbit precision of the daily orbits is between 10 and 20 cm, whereas the precise orbits have a precision of 5 cm

Price Metric for the Improvement of Accommodation Service Offers in Sucre- San Vicente Tourist Destination

Purpose:  Present a strategic study of accommodation prices based on a price metric at the level of lodging activity to improve offers of the lodging service in tourist destination Sucre-San Vicente.   Theoretical framework:  The recent state of the art literature has shown the growing need for hotel companies to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage. Due to this need, this study on lodging costs is of vital importance to determine cost standards at the level of lodging activity in Ecuador.   Design/Methodology/Approach:  The study was carried out based on the database of the Decentralized Autonomous Governments (cadastre) of the cantons Sucre and San Vicente and under the supervision of the Uleam Tourism Observatory to examine the accommodation activity and its cost for lodging.   Findings:  Among the main successes there is a close alignment between the prices offered and the prices requested by the hotels, indicating an adequate adaptation to the demand offered and the prices requested by the hotels, indicating an appropriate adaptation to the demand.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The findings support informed decision-making in hotel pricing management, benefiting both hotels by maintaining competitiveness and travellers by planning their accommodation budgets with greater confidence.   Originality/Value:  This study adds value by highlighting price alignment and a conservative rate-setting strategy in the hotel industry of Sucre-San Vicente, offering useful insights for price management and customer satisfaction